Scientific Literature
Grunion Literature Review
Journal Articles, Book Chapters, Theses, Dissertations:
1990-1999 1980-1989
1970-1979 1960-1969
1950-1959
1940-1949 1930-1939
1920-1929 1900-1919
Before 1900
2000 - present
Allen, L.G., A. M. Findlay, and C. M. Phalen. 2002. Structure and standing stock of the fish assemblages of San Diego Bay, California from 1994 to 1999. Bull. Southern California Acad. Sci. 101: 49-85.
Allen, L., M. Horn, and D. Pondella (Eds.). 2006. Ecology of California Marine Fishes. University of California Press.
American Trader Trustee Council, 2001. Final restoration plan and environmental assessment for seabirds injured by the American Trader oil spill. Report of the American Trader Natural Resource Trustee Council, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, California Department of Fish and Game, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Barton, M. 2007. Bond’s Biology of Fishes, 3rd Edition. Thomson-Brooks/Cole, Belmont, CA.
Bernardi, G., L. Findley, and A. Rocha-Olivares. 2003. Vicariance and dispersal across Baja California in disjunct marine fish populations. Evolution 57: 1599-1609.
Broughton, J. M., V. I. Cannon, and S. Arnold. 2006. The taphonomy of owl-deposited fish remains and the origin of the Homestead Cave ichthyofauna. Journal of Taphonomy 4: 69-95.
Bullock, T. 2005. In praise of “natural history.” Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology 25: 217-221.
Dugan, J. E., D. M. Hubbard, M. D. McCrary, and M. O. Pierson. 2003. The response of macrofauna communities and shorebirds to macrophyte wrack subsidies on exposed sandy beaches of southern California. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 58: 25-40.
Ehlinger, G. S. and R. A. Tankersley. 2003. Larval hatching in the horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus: facilitation by environmental cues. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 292: 199-212.
Gaida, I. H., D. G. Buth, S. D. Matthews, A. L. Snow, S. B. Luo, and S. Kutsuna. 2003. Allozymic variation and population structure of the California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis (Atheriniformes: Atherinopsidae). Copeia 2003: 594-600.
Gregory, P. A. 2001. Grunion. Pp. 246-247 in California’s Living Marine Resources: A Status Report. W. S. Leet, C. M. Dewees, R. Klingbeill, and E. J. Larson (Eds.). California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento, 592 pp.
Gunzburger, M. S. 2003. Evaluation of the hatching trigger and larval ecology of the salamander Amphiuma means. Herpetologica
Griem, J. N. and K. L. M. Martin. 2000. Wave action: the environmental trigger for hatching in the California grunion Leuresthes tenuis (Teleostei: Atherinopsidae). Marine Biology 137:177-181.
Horn, M. H. and K. L. M. Martin. 2006. Intertidal fishes. In: L. Allen, M. Horn, and D. Pondella (Eds.), Ecology of California Marine Fishes. University of California Press.
Johnson, P. B., K. L. Martin, T. L. Vandergon, R. L. Honeycutt, R. S. Burton, and A. Fry. 2009. Microsatellite and Mitochondrial Genetic Comparisons Between Northern and Southern Populations of California Grunion Leuresthes tenuis. Copeia (in press.)
Leet, W. S., C. M. Dewees, R. Klingbeill, and E. J. Larson (Eds.). 2001. California’s Living Marine Resources: A Status Report. California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento, 592 pp.
Martin, K. L. M. Non-Tidal Rhythms. 2007. In: M. Denny and S. Gaines (eds.), Encyclopedia of Tidepools. University of California Press 468-469.
Martin, K. L. M. and D. L. Swiderski. 2001. Beach spawning in fishes: Phylogenetic tests of hypotheses. American Zoologist 41:526-537.
Martin, K., T. Speer-Blank, R. Pommerening, J. Flannery, and K. Carpenter. 2006. Does beach grooming harm grunion eggs? Shore & Beach 74:17-22.
Martin, K., A. Staines, M. Studer, C. Stivers, C. Moravek, P. Johnson, and J. Flannery. 2007. Grunion Greeters in California: Beach Spawning Fish, Coastal Stewardship, Beach Management and Ecotourism. Pp. 73-86 in Lück, M.; Gräupl, A.; Auyong, J.; Miller, M.L. & M.B. Orams (eds.): Proceedings of the 5th International Coastal & Marine Tourism Congress: Balancing Marine Tourism, Development and Sustainability. Auckland, New Zealand: New Zealand Tourism Research Institute.
Martin, K. L. M., C. R. Van Winkle, J. E. Drais, and H. Lakisic. 2004. Beach spawning fishes, terrestrial eggs, and air breathing. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 77: 750-759.
Martin, K. L., C. L. Moravek, and J. A. Flannery. 2009. Embryonic staging series for the beach spawning, terrestrially incubating California grunion Leuresthes tenuis (Ayres 1860) with comparisons to other Atherinomorpha. Journal of Fish Biology (in press).
Matsumoto, J. K., and K. L. M. Martin. 2008. Lethal and sublethal effects of altered sand salinity on embryos of beach-spawning California Grunion. Copeia 2008: 483-490.
McDowell, R. M. and S. C. Charteris. 2006. The possible adaptive advantages of terrestrial egg deposition in some fluvial diadromous galaxiid fishes (Teleostei: Galaxiidae). Fish and Fisheries 7: 153-164.
Mellinger, J. 2002. Sexualite et Reproduction des Poissons. CNRS Editions, Paris, FR.
Middaugh, D. P., P. J. Chapman, M. E. Shelton, C. L. McKenney, Jr., and L. A. Courney. 2002. Effects of fractions from biodegraded Alaska North Slope crude oil on embryonic inland silversides, Menidia beryllina. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 42: 236-243.
Montgomery, W. L. 2002. Boyd W. Walker 1917-2001. Copeia 2002(4): 1179-1182.
Moyle, P. B. and J. J. Cech, Jr. 2000. Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4th Edition. Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
O’Brien, J. W. and M. S. Oliphant. 2001. Yellowfin croaker. Pp.232-233 in California’s Living Marine Resources: A Status Report. W. S. Leet, C. M. Dewees, R. Klingbeill, and E. J. Larson (Eds.). California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento, 592 pp.
Orgeron, M. and S. Elsheimer. “Something different in science films”: The Moody Institute of Science and the canned missionary movement. Project MUSE.
Rice, C. A. 2006. Effects of shoreline modification on a northern Puget Sound beach: Microclimate and embryo mortality in surf smelt (Hypomesus pretiosus). Estuaries and Coasts 29: 63-71.
Richardson, D. (ed.) 2005. Encyclopedia of Recreational Diving, 3rd Edition. PADI, Santa Margarita, CA.
Riedel, R. and B. A. Costa-Pierce. 2001. Review of the fisheries of the Salton Sea, California, USA: Past, present and future. Reviews in Fisheries Science 9: 239-270.
Roberts, D., R. N. Lea, and K. L. M. Martin. 2007. First record of the occurrence of the California Grunion, Leuresthes tenuis, in Tomales Bay, California; a northern extension of the species. California Fish & Game 93:107-110.
Russell, E. S. 2008. Fish migrations. Biological Reviews 12: 320-337.
Smith, D. R. and S. F. Michels. 2006. Seeing the elephant: Importance of spatial and temporal coverage in a large-scale volunteer-based program to monitor horseshoe crabs. Fisheries 31: 485-491.
Smyder, E. A. and K. L. M. Martin. 2002. Temperature effects on egg survival and hatching during the extended incubation period of California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis. Copeia 2002: 313-320.
Speer-Blank, T., and K. L. M. Martin. 2004. Hatching events in the California Grunion, Leuresthes tenuis. Copeia 2004: 21-27.
Steele, M. A., S. C. Schroeter, and H. M. Page. 2006. Preliminary investigation of the effects of purse seine size on estimates of density and species richness of estuarine fishes. Estuaries and Coasts 30: 344-347.
Tang, S. and L. Chen. 2004. The effect of seasonal harvesting on stage-structured population models. J. Math. Biol. 48: 357-374.
Tsukamoto, K., T. Otake, N. Mochioka, T. W. Lee, and H. Fricke. 2003. Seamounts, new moon and eel spawning: the search for the spawning site of the Japanese eel. Envir. Biol. of Fishes 66: 221-229.
Valdéz-Moreno, M. and L. Vásquez-Yeomans. 2001. Description of the osteological development of the caudal complex of laboratory-reared larvae of grunion Leuresthes tenuis (Ayres, 1860). Bulletin of Marine Science 68(2): 351-356.
Vasquez-Yeomans, L., M. Valdez-Moreno, and W. L. Richards. 2000. Description of laboratory -reared larvae of California grunion and comparisons with the larvae of topsmelt and jacksmelt. Calif. Fish and Game 86: 175-185.
Watson, W., R. L. Charter, and H. G. Moser. 2002. Ichthyoplankton and station data for manta (surface) tows taken on California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Survey Cruises in 2000. NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-336. 46 pp.
Yoklavich, M. A., G. M. Cailliet, D. S. Oxman, J. P. Barry, and D. C. Lindquist. 2002. Fishes. Pp. 163-185 in Changes in a California Estuary: A Profile of Elkhorn Slough. J. Caffrey, M. Brown, W. B. Tyler, and M. Silberstein (Eds.), Elkhorn Slough Foundation, Moss Landing, CA.
1990 - 1999
Benz, G. W., R. L. Otting, and A. Case. 1995. Resdescription of Argulus melanostictus (Branchiura: Argulidae), a parasite of California grunion (Leuresthes tenuis: Atherinidae), with notes regarding chemical control of A. melanostictus in a captive host population. Journal of Parasitology 81: 754-761.
Broadbent, S. L. 1998. Embryo survival of the California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis (Osteichthyes: Atherinidae): Individual and seasonal variation in egg pod viability. Master’s Thesis, California State University Long Beach, CA. 50 p.
Bullock, T. H., M. H. Hofmann, F. K. Nahm, J. G. New and J. C. Prechtl. 1990. Event-related potentials in the retina and optic tectum of fish. J. Neurophysiology 64: 903-914.
Darken, R. S., K. L. M. Martin, and M. C. Fisher. 1998. Metabolism during delayed hatching in terrestrial eggs of a marine fish, the grunion Leuresthes tenuis. Physiological Zoology 71(4):400-406.
DeMartini, E. E. 1999. Intertidal spawning. In M. H. Horn, K. L. M. Martin, and M. A. Chotkowski (eds.), Intertidal fishes: Life in two worlds, pp. 143-164. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
Dyer, B. S. and B. Chernoff. 1996. Phylogenetic relationships among atheriniform fishes (Teleostei: Atherinomorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 117: 1-69.
Gellert, G. A., S. J. Daugherty, L. Rabiee, M. Mazur, R. E. Merryman. 1994. California’s American Trader oil spill: Effective interagency and public-private collaboration in environmental disaster. J. Environmental Health 46(4): 7- .
Gobalet, K. W. and T. L. Jones. 1995. Prehistoric Native American fisheries of the central California coast. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 124: 813-823.
Goodman, L.R., M. J. Hemmer, D. P. Middaugh, and J. C. Moore. 1992. Effects of fenvalerate on the early life stages of topsmelt (Atherinops affinis). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 11: 409-414.
Graham, J. B. 1997. Air-Breathing Fishes: Evolution, Diversity, and Adaptation. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
Haas, J. W., Jr. 1991. Irwin A. Moon, F. Alton Everest and Will H. Houghton: Early links between the Moody Bible Institute and the American Scientific Affiliation. Perspectives on Science and the Christian Faith: 249-258.
Horn, M. H., K. L. M. Martin, and M. A. Chotkowski, eds. 1999. Intertidal fishes: Life in Two Worlds, pp. 143-164. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 399 pp.
Lawrenz-Miller, S. 1991. Grunion spawning versus beach nourishment: nursery or burial ground? Proceedings of the 7th Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. Coastal Zone ’91. 3: 2197-2208.
Love, R. M. 1996. Probably More than You Want to Know about the Fishes of the Pacific Coast. 2nd edition. Really Big Press, Santa Barbara.
Martin, K.L.M. 1999. Ready and waiting: delayed hatching and extended incubation of anamniotic vertebrate terrestrial eggs. Amer. Zool. 39: 279-288.
Middaugh, D. P., L. R. Goodman, and M. J. Hemmer. 1993. Methods for spawning, culturing and conducting toxicity tests with early life stages of estuarine and marine fishes. Pp. 167-192 in : Handbook of Ecotoxicology, Volume One. P. Calow, Ed. Blackwell Scientific Publishers, Oxford, England.
Morgan, S. G. and J. H. Christy. 1994. Plasticity, constraint, and optimality in reproductive timing. Ecology 75: 2185-2203.
Munro, A. D., A. P. Scott, and T. J. Lam, eds. 1990. Reproductive Seasonality in Teleosts: Environmental Influences. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
Parenti, L. R. 1993. Relationships of atherinomorph fishes (Teleostei). Bull. Marine Sci. 52: 170-196.
Parenti, L. R. and J. Song. 1996. Phylogenetic significance of the pectoral-pelvic fin association in acanthomorph fishes: a reassessment using comparative neuroanatomy. Pp. 427-444 in: Interrelationships of Fishes, M. L. J. Stiassny, J. R. Parenti, and G. D. Johnson, Eds. Academic Press, San Diego.
Paxton, J. R. and W. N. Eschmeyer, eds. 1994. Encyclopedia of Fishes. Academic Press, San Diego.
Penn, D. and H. J. Brockmann. 1994. Nest-site selection in the horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus. Biol. Bull. 187: 373- .
Rosales-Casian, J. A. 1994. The effect of rotifer (Brachionus plicatilis) density on the survival and growth of California grunion (Leuresthes tenuis Ayres) larvae. Marine Environmental Research 38: 71-75.
Rosales-Casian, J. A., I. Alfonso-Hernandez, and N. G. Hammann. 1990. The effect of seawater chlorination on the survival and growth of California grunion (Leuresthes tenuis Ayres) larvae, in laboratory conditions. Ciencias Marinas 16: 31-46.
Stiassny, M. L. J., L. R. Parenti, and G. D. Johnson, Eds. 1996. Interrelationships of Fishes. Academic Press, San Diego.
Taylor, M. 1990. Estuarine and intertidal teleosts. In A. D. Munro, A. P. Scott, and T. J. Lam (eds.), Reproductive Seasonality in Teleosts: Environmental Influences, pp. 109-124. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
Vasquez-Yeomans, L., E. Carrillo-Barrios-Gomez, and E. Sosa-Cordero. 1990. The effect of the nanoflagellate Tetraselmis suecica on the growth and survival of the grunion, Leuresthes tenuis, larvae. Environmental Biology of Fishes 29: 193-200.
Vasquez-Yeomans, L and E. Sosa-Cordero. 1992. Culture of grunion Leuresthes tenuis (Ayres) larvae to metamorphosis, in the laboratory. Ciencias Marinas 18: 1-18.
Watson, W. 1996. Atheriniformes. In H. G. Moser (ed.), The early stages of fishes in the California Current region. California Coop. Oceanic Fish. Invest. Atlas 33, pp. 608-619.
1980-1989
Allen, L. G., M. H. Horn, F. A. Edmands II, and C. A. Usui. 1983. Structure and seasonal dynamics of the fish assemblage in the Cabrillo Beach area of Los Angeles Harbor, California. Bull. Southern California Acad. Sci. 82: 47-70.
Ambrose, M., N. S. Walker, J. Hawk. 1981. Captain Mike’s Complete Guide to Grunion Hunting. Oak Tree Press, La Jolla, CA.
Borthwick, P. W., J. M. Patrick, Jr., and D. P. Middaugh. 1985. Comparative acute sensitivities of early life stages of Atherinid fishes to chlorpyrifos and thiobencarb. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 14: 465-473.
Brandon, J. L. and F. J. Rokop. 1985. Life Between the Tides: The Natural History of the Common Seashore Live of Southern California. American Southwest Publishing Co., San Diego, CA.
Canning, E. U. and A. C. Olson, Jr. 1980. Nosema lepocreadii sp. n., a parasite of Lepocreadium manteri (Digenea: Lepocreadiidae) from the gut of the California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis. J. Parasitology 66: 154-159.
Canning, E. U. and A. C. Olson, Jr. 1983. The ultrastructure of Nosema lepocreadii Canning and Olson, 1979 (Microspora, Nosematidae) and its relevance to the generic diagnosis of Nosema Nageli, 1857. J. Parasitology 69: 143-151.
Clark, J. R., J. M. Patrick, Jr., D. P. Middaugh, and J. C. Moore. 1985. Relative sensitivity of six estuarine fishes to carbophenothion, chlorpyrifos, and fenvalerate. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 10: 382-390.
Crabtree, C. B. 1983. Assessment of genetic differentiation within the atherinid genus Leuresthes. Isozyme Bull. 16: 77.
Crabtree, C. B. 1987. Allozyme evidence for the phylogenetic relationships within the silverside subfamily Atherinopsinae. Copeia 1987: 860-867.
Conover, D. O. and B. E. Kynard. 1983. Field and laboratory observations of spawning periodicity and behavior of a northern population of the Atlantic silverside, Menidia menidia. Env. Biology of Fishes 11: 161-171.
Ehrlich, K.F. and Muszynski, G. 1981. The relationship between temperature-specific yolk utilization and temperature selection of larval grunion. Rapp. P.-V. Reun. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer 178: 312-313.
Ehrlich, K. F. and G. Muszynski. 1982. Effects of temperature on interactions of physiological and behavioral capacities of larval California grunion: adaptations to the planktonic environment. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 60: 223-224.
Eschmeyer, W. N., E. S. Herald, and H. Hammann. 1983. A Field Guide to Pacific Coast Fishes of North America. Peterson Field Guide Series. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston.
Fritzsche, R.A., R.H. Chamberlin, and R.A. Fisher. 1985. Species profiles: life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (Pacific Southwest) – California grunion. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report 82(11.28). U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, TR EL-82-4. 12 pp.
Goodman, L. R., D. J. Hansen, G. M. Cripe, D. P. Middaugh and J. C. Moore. 1985. New early life-stage toxicity test using the California grunion (Leuresthes tenuis) and results with chlorpyrifos. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 10:12-21.
Goodson, G. 1988. Fishes of the Pacific Coast. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA.
Gruber, D., E. H. Ahlstrom, and M. M. Mullin. 1982. Distribution of ichthyoplankton in the Southern California Bight. Calif. Coop. Ocean. Fish. Invest. Rep. 23: 172-179.
Hose, J.E. and H. W. Puffer. 1984. Oxygen consumption rates of grunion (Leuresthes tenuis) embryos exposed to the petroleum hydrocarbon, benzo[a]pyrene. Environmental Research 35: 413-420.
McConnaughey, B. H. and E McConnaughey. 1985. Audubon Society Nature Guide: Pacific Coast. Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 633 pp.
Middaugh, D. P. 1981. Reproductive ecology and spawning periodicity of the Atlantic silverside, Menidia menidia (Pisces: Atherinidae). Copeia 1981: 766-776.
Middaugh, D. P. and M. J. Hemmer. 1984. Spawning of the tidewater silverside, Menidia peninsulae (Goode and Bean), in response to tidal and lighting schedules in the laboratory. Estuaries 7: 139-148.
Middaugh, D. P. and T. Takita. 1983. Tidal and diurnal spawning cues in the Atlantic silverside, Menidia menidia. Environmental Biology of Fishes 8: 97-104.
Middaugh, D. P., R. G. Domey, and G. I. Scott. 1984. Reproductive rhythmicity of the Atlantic silverside. Trans. American Fisheries Society 113: 472-478.
Middaugh, D. P., H. W. Kohl, and L. E. Burnett. 1983. Concurrent measurement of intertidal environmental variables and embryo survival for the California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis, and Atlantic silverside, Menidia menidia (Pisces: Atherinidae). Calif. Fish and Game 69: 89-96.
Middaugh, D. P., G. I. Scott, and J. M. Dean. 1981. Reproductive behavior of the Atlantic silverside, Menidia menidia (Pisces, Atherinidae). Environmental Biology of Fishes 6: 269-276.
Mullin, M. M. and E. R. Brooks. 1988. Extractable lipofuscin in larval marine fish. Fishery Bulletin 86: 407-415.
Newton, F., A. Thum, B. Davidson, A. Valkirs, and P. Seligman. 1985. Effects on the growth and survival of eggs and embryos of the California gruion (Leuresthes tenuis) exposed to trace levels of tributylin. Naval Oceans Systems Center, Technical Rep. 1040, San Diego, CA 35 pp.
Quinn, N. J. and B. L. Kojis. 1981. The lack of changes in nocturnal estuarine fish assemblages between new and full moon phases in Serpentine Creek, Queensland. Env. Biol. of Fishes 6: 213-218.
Ricketts, E. F., J. Calvin, J. W. Hedgpeth, and D. W. Phillips. 1985. Between Pacific Tides, 5th edition. Stanford University Press, Stanford.
Rosen, D. E. and L. R. Parenti. 1981. Relationships of Oryzias, and the groups of atherinomorph fishes. Am. Mus. Novit. 2719: 1-25.
Russell, G. A., D. P. Middaugh, M. J. Hemmer. 1987. Reproductive rhythmicity of the Atherinid fish, Colpichthys regis, from Estero Del Soldado, Sonora, Mexico. Calif. Fish and Game 73: 169-174.
Schultze, D. L. 1983. California barracuda life history, fisheries, and management. CalCOFI reports, Vol. 24:
Spratt, J. D. 1986. The amazing grunion. Marine Resource Leaflet No. 3, Calif. Dept. of Fish and Game.
Taylor, M. 1984. Lunar synchronization of fish reproduction. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 113: 484-493.
Tewksbury, H. T. II and D. O. Conover. 1987. Adaptive significance of intertidal egg deposition in the Atlantic silverside Menidia menidia. Copeia 1987: 76-83.
Watson, W. and R. L. Davis, Jr. 1989. Larval fish diets in shallow coastal waters off San Onofre, California. Fishery Bulletin, U.S. 87: 569-591.
Winkler, D. L., K. L. Duncan, J. E. Hose, and H. W. Puffer. 1983. Effects of benzo(a)pyrene on the early development of the California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis (Pisces, Atherinidae). U.S. National Marine Fisheries Services, Fishery Bulletin 41(3): 473-481.
1970-1979
Brothers, E. B., C. P. Mathews, R. Lasker. 1976. Daily growth increments in otoliths from larval and adult fishes. Fishery Bulletin 74: 1-8.
Castro, T., and M. Yoshida. 1974. Los grunones curiosas criaturas del mar. Ciencias Marinas, 1(2):92-95.
Constant, C. L., 1976. The effects of hypersalinity upon the eggs and prolarvae of the Gulf of California grunion, Leuresthes sardina (Jenkins and Evermann, 1888). Univ. Ariz. M.S. thesis, 53 pp.
Ehrlich, K. F. 1977. Inhibited hatching success of marine fish eggs by power plant effluent. Marine Pollution Bulletin 8: 228-229.
Ehrlich, K. F. and D. A. Farris. 1970. Effect of temperature on the number of myomeres in newly hatched grunion (Leuresthes tenuis). Copeia 1970(4): 774-775.
Ehrlich, K. F. and D. A. Farris. 1971. Some influences of the temperature on the development of the grunion, Leuresthes tenuis (Ayers). Calif. Fish & Game. 57(1): 56-68.
Ehrlich, K. F. and D. A. Farris. 1972. Some influences of temperature on the development of the grunion Leuresthes tenuis, an atherine fish. Marine Biology 12: 267-271.
Eldon, G. A. 1970. Suspected terrestrial deposition of eggs by Neochanna apoda Gunther (Pisces: Salmoniformes: Galaxiidae). J. Fish Biology 3: 247-249.
Fitch, J. E. and R. J. Lavenberg. 1971. California Marine Food and Game Fishes. University of California Press, Berkeley.
Fitch, J. E. and R. J. Lavenberg. 1975. Tidepool and Nearshore Fishes of California. University of California Press, Berkeley.
Garrett, C. 1974. Ocean Tides. Geoscience Canada 1: 8-14.
Greenwood, P. H., R. S. Miles, and C. Patterson, eds. 1973. Interrelationships of Fishes, Academic Press, London.
May, Robert C. 1971. Effects of delayed initial feeding on larvae of the grunion, Leuresthes tenuis (Ayers). U.S. Fish. Bull. 69(2): 411-425.
MacGregor, J. S. 1976. Ovarian development and fecundity of five species of California Current fishes. Calif. Coop. Oceanic Fish. Invest. Rep., 1976: 181-188.
Miller, D. J. and R. N. Lea. 1972. Guide to the Coastal Marine Fishes of California. California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento, 249 pp.
Moffatt, N. M. 1977. Thermal effects on the survival and development of embryonic grunions, Leuresthes sardina and L. tenuis. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Arizona, Tucson. 88 pp.
Moffatt, N. M. and D.A. Thomson. 1975. Taxonomic status of the Gulf grunion (Leuresthes sardina) and its relationship to the California grunion (L. tenuis). Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 18(4): 75-84.
Moffatt, N. M. and D.A. Thomson. 1978. Reciprocal hybridization between the California and Gulf of California grunions, Leuresthes tenuis and Leuresthes sardina (Atherinidae). Fish. Bull. 76(2): 476-480.
Moffatt, N. M. and D. A. Thomson. 1978. Tidal influence on the evolution of egg size in the grunions (Leuresthes, Atherinidae). Environmental Biology of Fish 3: 267-273.
Muench, Kevin A. 1977. Behavioral ecology and spawning periodicity of the Gulf of California grunion, Leuresthes sardina. Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. of Arizona. 92 pp.
North, W. J. 1976. Underwater California. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
Olson, A.C., Jr. 1972. Argulus melanostictus and other parasitic crustaceans on the California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis (Osteichthyes: Atherinidae). Journal of Parasitology 58: 1201-1204.
Olson, A. C., Jr. 1975. Metacercaria of Bucephalopsis labiatus (Trematoda: Bucephalidae) in the California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis. Journal of Parasitology 61: 50.
Olson, A. C., Jr. 1976. Asymphylodora atherinopsidis (Trematoda: Monorchiidae) from the California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis, including a redescription. Journal of Parasitology 63: 295-298.
Olson, A. C., Jr. 1978. Lepocreadium manteri sp. N. (Trematoda: Lepocreadiidae) from the California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis, and its hyperparasitic microsporidan. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 45: 155-157.
Olson, L. J. 1979. Host-parasite associations of the grunions, Leuresthes sardina and Leuresthes tenuis from the Gulf of California. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Arizona. 97 pp.
Reynolds, W. W. 1973. Orientation responses of laboratory-reared larval and juvenile Gulf grunion (Leuresthes sardina) to artificial gradients. Ph.D. Dissertation, Univ. of Arizona. 93 pp.
Reynolds, W. W. and D. A. Thomson. 1974. Ontogenetic change in the response of the Gulf of California grunion, Leuresthes sardina (Jenkins & Evermann), to a salinity gradient. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 14: 211-216.
Reynolds, W. W. and D. A. Thomson. 1974. Responses of young Gulf grunion, Leuresthes sardina, to gradients of temperature, light, turbulence and oxygen. Copeia 1974: 747-758.
Reynolds, W. W., D. A. Thomson, and M. E. Casterlin. 1976. Temperature and salinity tolerances of larval California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis (Ayres): A comparison with gulf grunion, L. sardina (Jenkins & Evermann). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 24: 73-82.
Reynolds, W. W., D. A. Thomson, and M. E. Casterlin. 1977. Responses of young California grunion Leuresthes tenuis to gradients of temperature and light. Copeia 1977(1): 144-149.
Rosen, D. E. 1973. Interrelationships of higher euteleostean fishes. Pp. 397-513 in Interrelationships of Fishes, P. H. Greenwood, R. S. Miles, and C. Patterson, eds. Academic Press, London.
Southern California Ocean Studies Consortium of the California State University and Colleges. 1978. Report on grunion spawning at McGrath State Beach, Ventura County, California. Unpublished, prepared for the United States Army Corps of Engineers, Los Angeles District. Contract # DACW09-78-C0008.
Spratt, J. D. The amazing grunion. Marine Resources Leaflet #3, Calif. Dept. of Fish and Game.
Thompson, D. A. and K. A. Muench. 1976. Influence of tides and waves on the spawning behavior of the Gulf of California grunion, Leuresthes sardina (Jenkins and Evermann). Bull. Southern California Acad. Sci. 75: 198-203.
Valentine, D. W. Soué, M. (1973). Effect of p,'-DDT on developmental stability of pectoral fin rays in the grunion, Leuresthes tenuis. Fishery Bulletin 71, 921–920.
1960-1969
Breder, C. M. and D. E. Rosen. 1966. Modes of Reproduction in Fishes. Natural History Press, Garden City, NY.
Garey, W. F. 1962. Cardiac responses of fishes in asphyxic environments. Biological Bulletin 122: 362-368.
Hubbs, Clark. 1965. Developmental temperature tolerance and rates of four southern California fishes, Fundulus parvipinnis, Atherinops affinis, Leuresthes tenuis, and Hypsoblennius sp. Calif. Fish & Game 51(2): 113-122.
Crane, J.M. 1969. The response of male grunion to a wiggling stick. Bull. So. Calif. Acad. Sci., 68(3):191-193.
Daugherty, A. E. 1962. California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis. Pages 29-30 in California ocean fisheries resources to the year 1960. Calif. Dept. of Fish and Game, Sacramento, CA.79 pp.
Herald, E. S. 1962. Living Fishes of the World. Doubleday, New York.
McDowall, R. M. 1969. Lunar rhythms in aquatic animals: a general review. Tuatara 17: 133-144.
Mercieca, Anthony, and Robert C. Miller. 1969. The spawning of the grunion. Pacific Discovery 22(1): 26-27.
Scholander, P. F., E. Bradstreet, and W. F. Garey. 1962. Lactic acid response in the grunion. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 6: 201-203.
1950-1959
McHugh, J.L. 1954. The influence of light on the number of vertebrae in the grunion Leuresthes tenuis. Copeia 1954(1): 23-25.
Cannon, R. 1953. How to Fish the Pacific Coast. Lane Publishing, Menlo Park, CA.
Olson, A.C. 1950. Ground squirrels and horned larks as predators upon grunion eggs. Calif. Fish Game 36(3): 323-327.
Olson, A.C., Jr. 1955. Parasites of the grunion, Leuresthes tenuis (Ayres). Ph.D. Dissertation, Oregon State College, 36 pp.
Pearse, A. S. 1953. A new copepod parasite from the grunion. J. Parasitol. 39: 332-333.
Rechnitzer, A. 1952. A wave of fish. Natural History 61(7): 321-325.
Stock, J. H. 1955. A new Bomolochus (Copepoda parasitica) from the California grunion. Beaufortia 5(49): 55-59.
Walker, Boyd W. 1952. A guide to the grunion. Calif. Fish & Game 38(3):409-420.
Walker, Boyd W. 1959. The timely grunion. Natural History 68(6):301-307.
Weisel, G. F. 1950. The comparative effects of teleost and beef pituitary on chromatophores of cold-blooded vertebrates. Biological Bulletin 99: 487-496.
1940-1949
Gallup, F. N. 1949. Banding recoveries of Tyto alba. Bird-Banding 20: 150.
Korringa, P. 1947. Relations between the moon and periodicity in the breeding of marine animals. Ecological Monographs 17: 349-381.
Phillips, J. B. 1943. Grunion in Monterey Bay. Calif. Fish & Game 29: 82.
Walker, B. W. 1947. The beach-spawning grunion. Aquari. J. Nov. 1947: 8-12.
Walker, Boyd W. 1949. The periodicity of spawning by the grunion, Leuresthes tenuis, and atherine fish. PhD. Thesis, Univ. of Calif., Los Angeles.
1930-1939
Clark, Francis N. 1938. Grunion in southern California. Calif. Fish & Game 24(1):49-54.
David, L.R. 1939. Embryonic and early larval stages of the grunion, Leuresthes tenuis, and the sculpin, Scorpaena guttata. Copeia 1939(2): 75-81.
Hickling, C. F. and E. Rutenberg. 1936. The ovary as an indicator of the spawning period in fishes. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. UK. 1936: 311-317.
Thompson, W. F. 1936. The spawning of the silver smelt, Hypomesus pretiosus. Ecology 17: 158-168.
1920-1929
Clark, Frances N. 1925. The life history of Leuresthes tenuis, an atherine fish with tide controlled spawning habits. Calif. Fish & Game 10:1-51 plus plate.
Clark, Francis N. 1926. Conservation of the grunion. Calif. Fish & Game 12(4):163-166.
Clark, Francis N. 1928a. Grunion at La Jolla. Calif. Fish & Game 14(1):89-90.
Clark, Francis N. 1928b. Grunion on Cabrillo Beach. Calif. Fish & Game 14(4):273-274.
Jordan, David Starr. 1926. The habits of the grunion. Science 63: 454.
1900-1919
Barnhart, P.S. 1918. The spawning of the little-smelt Leuresthes tenuis (Ayres). Calif. Fish & Game 4:181-182.
Thompson, W. F. 1919. The spawning of the grunion (Leuresthes tenuis). Calif. Fish & Game 5: 201.
Thompson, W. F. and J. B. Thompson. 1919. The spawning of the grunion (Leuresthes tenuis). Fish Bulletin: 3, 1-29.
Hubbs, Carl L., 1916. Notes on the marine fishes of California. Univ. of Calif. Publ. Zoology 16 (13): 153-169.
Before 1900
Ayres, W. O. 1860. [Descriptions of fishes.] Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. (Ser. 1) 73-77.
Published Abstracts (reverse chronological)
Martin, K. 2007. Citizen Scientists as Docents Impact Policy. Invited speaker, Workshop on Marine Interpretation, 5th International Coastal & Marine Tourism Congress: Balancing Marine Tourism, Development and Sustainability, Auckland, New Zealand.
Studer, M. and K. Martin. 2007. “Grunion Greeters: Citizen Science on the Beach.” Invited poster presentation for the Citizen Science Toolkit Conference in June, sponsored by National Science Foundation, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
Martin, K. L., B. Cupp, C. Stivers, M. Studer. 2006. Rapid acquisition of citizen scientist data across large distances: Grunion Greeters and the internet along the California Coast. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences A105: 44.
Matsumoto, J. K. and K. L. Martin. 2006. Effects of altered salinity during incubation on California grunion, Leuresthes tenuis. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences A105: 54.
Martin, K. L., P. B. Johnson, C. Moravek, R. Ashley, J. Matsumoto. 2006. Citizen scientists assess populations of an elusive, charismatic fish. Integrative and Comparative Biology 45(6): 1038.
Martin, K., B. Cupp, and P. Johnson. 2005. The greatest grunion hunt in 50 years: California grunion sightings across the season and along the coast in 2004. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 104 (S2): 35.
Jahn, A. 2004. Summertime distribution of three species of atherinopsid fishes in east-central San Francisco Bay. Bull. Southern Calif. Acad. Sci. 103: 34-35.
Martin, K., E. Robbins, J. Hernandez, T. Speer-Blank, and P. Johnson
2004. Walking on moonlit beaches: Three years of volunteers monitoring the
grunion in San Diego. Integrative and Comparative Biology 44: 725
Martin, K. L. M., T. Speer, R. Pommerening, J. Flannery, and K. Carpenter.
2003. "Grunion Greeters": Volunteer monitoring of grunion runs in
San Diego. Bull. Southern Calif. Acad. Sci. A102: 43.
Martin, K. L. M. 2003. Beach spawning fishes and the evolution of air-breathing. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology 134A: S116.
Carpenter, K. A., R. Pommerening, T. Speer, J. Flannery, and K. Martin. 2003. Does beach grooming harm grunion eggs? Bull. Southern Calif. Acad. Sci.. A102: 31.
Flannery, J. A. and K. L. M. Martin. 2002. Temperature sensitivity and stages of grunion egg development. Integrative and Comparative Biology 42:1230.
German, D. P., M. H. Horn, and A. Gawlicka. 2002. Digestive enzyme activities in herbivorous and carnivorous prickleback fishes (Teleostei: Stichaeidae): ontogenetic and phylogenetic effects. The Physiologist 45: 306.
Martin, K. L. M., E. A. Smyder, and A. Walker. 2002. Plasticity and constraints of grunion developmental timing. The Physiologist 45: 369.
Rumble, J., Martin, K., and T. Vandergon. 2001. Choriolytic enzyme in the California grunion fish, Leuresthes tenuis. American Zoologist 41: 366A.
Speer, T. and K. Martin. 2001. Events at hatching in eggs of the California grunion fish, Leuresthes tenuis. American Zoologist 41: 394A.
Martin, K.L.M. 1999. Hypotheses about the evolution of semi-lunar-spawning in three clades of Teleosts. American Zoologist 39: 47A.
Horn, M. H. and W. M. Dahdul. 1999. Changes in diet of terns and skimmers nesting at the Western Salt Works in south San Diego Bay: apparent responses to climate change and shifts in prey populations. Pacific Seabirds 26(1): 51.
Griem, J.N. and K.L.M. Martin. 1997. Predatory birds are present on the beach before and during California grunion runs. American Zoologist 37: 82A.
Van Winkle, R.C. and K.L.M. Martin. 1995. A field study of anaerobiosis during terrestrial spawning in the grunion. American Zoologist 35: 98A.
Last updated February 2009